Improving Patient Safety by Design: The Role of Human Factors Engineering

Human factors engineering is the science and practice of designing work systems to better fit the limitations and capabilities of people. When these characteristics are not considered in the design of work system components such as electronic interfaces, equipment, signage, protocols or procedures, or work areas, inefficiencies and errors are more likely to occur. The goal of this chapter is to discuss principles of good design for these common components in a way that is accessible and actionable to frontline healthcare workers (HCWs). Work redesign efforts can reduce inefficiencies and workload, allowing HCWs to focus on delivering quality patient care, target the root causes of patient safety events, and strengthen defenses that protect patients from harm.