Slow-Fast Dynamical Systems with a Load Variation

We analyze a category of slow-fast dynamical systems that exhibit complex bifurcations as the dynamic parameter, representing the load on the system, undergoes variation. We establish that within such systems featuring distinct structurally stable dynamical states, a transition from the first regime to the second ensues as a consequence of load variation. We extend these concepts to investigate bifurcations in conceptual climate models, specifically those resulting from restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions.