Along BulgariaBulgaria’s Black SeaBlack Sea coast[aut]Coast, coastal, a series of settlement[aut]Settlement remains from the Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age have been preserved underwater and in marshy environments. A few of them seem originally to have been terrestrial settlements[aut]Settlement which were flooded and abandoned when the level of the Black SeaBlack Sea rose, while others were actual wetland settlements[aut]Settlement. Specific remains of ‘pile-dwelling[aut]Pile-dwelling’ architecture[aut]Architecture have been found, for example, at sites in the Varna LakesVarna Lakes area, in Sozopol harbourSozopol harbour, and at RopotamoRopotamo and UrdovizaUrdoviza. As well as drawing parallels with the pan-European phenomenon of pile-dwellings[aut]Pile-dwelling, the paper examines the broader significance of the Bulgarian wetland settlements[aut]Settlement, including their complex interrelationship with the water system and their role in the overall cultural landscape at the time of their occupation.