Traumatic injuries to the genitourinary tract are seen in 2.2%–10.3% of patients admitted to emergency units. Of these injuries, between 1/3–2/3 are associated with injuries to the external genitalia. Due to the anatomy and prevalence of accidents, men have a higher incidence of genital trauma than women due to an increased exposure to violence, performance of aggressive sports and motor vehicle accidents. In addition, a worldwide increase in domestic violence led to rising numbers of gunshot and stab wounds over the last few years with approximately 35% of all gunshot wounds affecting also the external genitalia. With increasing domestic violence penetrating injuries may be seen more often necessitating prompt evaluation, determination of the extent of associated injuries and immediate treatment in the unstable patient. Management of injuries to the genital depend on the extent of injury, involved other organs and hemodynamic stability of the patient. Especially in females’ injuries to the genitalia may be associated with additional injuries to other organs and/ or pelvic fractures. Again, immediate determination of trauma extent, stabilization of the patient and decision for an appropriate conservative or minimal surgical intervention is necessary. In animal bites antibiotic treatment and tetanus vaccination is mandatory. Isolated burns to the genital area only comply approximately 1% of the body surface. If bigger parts of the body are burned immediate intensive care treatment may be indicated. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize stabilization of the burnt patient, assess the extent of injury and then manage the burn wounds. In first and second degree burns a conservative approach is recommended whereas third degree burns need to be treated surgically with debridement of necrotic tissue and grafting. After stabilisation of the trauma patient timing for any intervention can be planned taken special consideration for urinary and fecal continence and preservation of sexual function.

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Genital Trauma

  • Stefan Plas,
  • Ingrid Berger,
  • Eugen Plas

摘要

Traumatic injuries to the genitourinary tract are seen in 2.2%–10.3% of patients admitted to emergency units. Of these injuries, between 1/3–2/3 are associated with injuries to the external genitalia. Due to the anatomy and prevalence of accidents, men have a higher incidence of genital trauma than women due to an increased exposure to violence, performance of aggressive sports and motor vehicle accidents. In addition, a worldwide increase in domestic violence led to rising numbers of gunshot and stab wounds over the last few years with approximately 35% of all gunshot wounds affecting also the external genitalia. With increasing domestic violence penetrating injuries may be seen more often necessitating prompt evaluation, determination of the extent of associated injuries and immediate treatment in the unstable patient. Management of injuries to the genital depend on the extent of injury, involved other organs and hemodynamic stability of the patient. Especially in females’ injuries to the genitalia may be associated with additional injuries to other organs and/ or pelvic fractures. Again, immediate determination of trauma extent, stabilization of the patient and decision for an appropriate conservative or minimal surgical intervention is necessary. In animal bites antibiotic treatment and tetanus vaccination is mandatory. Isolated burns to the genital area only comply approximately 1% of the body surface. If bigger parts of the body are burned immediate intensive care treatment may be indicated. Therefore, it is crucial to prioritize stabilization of the burnt patient, assess the extent of injury and then manage the burn wounds. In first and second degree burns a conservative approach is recommended whereas third degree burns need to be treated surgically with debridement of necrotic tissue and grafting. After stabilisation of the trauma patient timing for any intervention can be planned taken special consideration for urinary and fecal continence and preservation of sexual function.