Advances in Soil Resource Management in Geoinformatics Domain: A Comprehensive Review

Soils provide nutrient and structural support to grow the plants. Hence, soil resource management entails the collection, characterization, analysis, and creation of many forms of the spatial data and their data base management. In this context, geospatial techniques provided a scope to monitor of these resources using different satellite data for their management. In remote sensing technology, Electromagnetic (EM) energy is the principal source comes from sunlight or without sunlight (manmade) in the form of electromagnetic waves, and finally gives a wavelength spectrum for the characterization of an object or material. The geospatial information available in the photographs is recorded in various hues and textures in the form of digital numbers or pixels corresponding to blue, green and red energy, and those digital images can be interpreted visually or computationally. Hence, indices viz. Vegetation Index, Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) commonly used in extraction of meaningful geospatial information from the different satellite data used in various application viz. assessment and mapping of soil water and vegetation resources. Keeping in view, the present review was portrait and compiled the several applications of geo-informatics and geospatial technology and RS-GIS tools in the field of soil resource management.