Utilising Biomass-Derived Composites in 3D Printing to Develop Eco-Friendly Environment

The process of three-dimensional (3D) printing is a form of additive manufacturing that is renowned for its capacity to produce intricate designs and reduce material wastage. In recent years, scholars have conducted investigations into the utilisation of lignocellulosic biomass and its derivatives in the field of 3D printing, capitalising on their inherent renewability and environmentally friendly characteristics. The aforementioned interest arises due to the increasing demand for sustainable construction methods and alternative materials. Biomass-derived composites have garnered attention as a viable solution owing to their renewable characteristics and capacity to mitigate carbon emissions. Furthermore, the integration of industrial by-products such as fly ash, silica fume, and slag into 3D printable concrete materials has the potential to augment their sustainability advantages. This chapter presents a comprehensive examination of the progression of diverse biomasses and their constituent elements, including cellulose and lignin, within the realm of 3D printing. Additionally, this chapter incorporates a concise examination of the existing data and presents various techniques for evaluating the characteristics of 3D-printed composites. This chapter examines the mechanical properties, specifically tensile, impact, and flexural properties, alongside thermal and morphological properties, in the context of these composites fabricated through 3D printing technology.