Techno-Economic Analysis for Decentralized GH2 Power Systems

The global energy transition toward a sustainable low-carbon future necessitates the integration of renewable energy sources and decentralized energy systems. This chapter explores the techno-economic dimensions of decentralized green hydrogen (GH2) power systems coupled with transactive energy (TE) and peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading markets. These systems hold promise for enhancing renewable energy penetration and establishing a resilient energy infrastructure. The integration of renewable energy, such as solar, wind, and hydro, poses challenges due to their intermittent nature. Decentralized GH2 power systems address these challenges by utilizing renewable sources for electrolytic hydrogen production, facilitating energy storage for periods of low renewable generation. Incorporating TE and P2P trading markets into decentralized GH2 power systems optimizes energy generation, consumption, and distribution, fostering efficient use of distributed resources and demand response. A comprehensive techno-economic analysis is vital to assess the feasibility of these systems. This study presents a professional examination of the techno-economic aspects of decentralized GH2 power systems and their integration with TE and P2P trading markets. An eight-peer decentralized P2P energy trading system is analyzed, considering various energy resources and storage technologies. The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm is employed for optimization. The incorporation of hydrogen storage units enhances energy flexibility and resilience. The decentralized approach enables direct transactions among peers, promoting renewable adoption, reducing reliance on centralized grids and fossil fuels, and offering cost advantages. This study contributes to the understanding of decentralized GH2 power systems and provides insights into effective integration strategies, paving the way for a sustainable and low-carbon energy future.