Omics Approach for Enhanced Microalgae Biomass Production with the Improved Concentration of Desired Biomolecules

When compared to terrestrial plants, the adept photosynthetic microorganisms, such as green microalgae, diatoms, and cyanobacteria, offer a notable advantage as a rich supply of different biomolecules for use in food, feed, and fuel applications. Due to their intricate metabolic capabilities, microalgae are constantly being researched for medicines, nutraceuticals, and other crucial bio-actives for the industry. Additionally, they are used for concurrent wastewater treatment, CO2 sequestration, high-volume biomass production, and lower-cost products. Genetic engineering has a pivotal part in strain improvement to get over these constraints. Even though the usage of cutting-edge genetic engineering technologies has increased, microalgae still lack the same level of genetic engineering as other microorganisms. Integrative omics is a powerful method for understanding the entire microalgal system and helping them grow into microbial cell factories. Microalgal genomics and transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics have given us a fundamental understanding of biomolecule production. In order to advance research, this chapter will concentrate on recent advancements in omics resources, and high throughput screening approaches. The advancements in the use of genome-editing to encourage development of microalgal strain for the increased production of biomolecules will also be discussed.