Applications of Nanochitosan in Fish Disease Management

Chitosan, derived from crustacean shells, presents a biocompatible and biodegradable material with wide-ranging applications in medical fields, including drug delivery, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. By harnessing chitosan derivatives, particularly in the form of nanochitosan nanoparticles, its aqueous solubility limitation can be overcome, enabling controlled drug release and immunomodulation for therapeutic purposes. This versatile nanomaterial exhibits substantial antimicrobial properties against bacteria, viruses, and fungi, achieved through interactions with microbial cell membranes, modulation of membrane permeability, DNA binding, and potential electron transport chain modulation, rendering it a promising tool in health care and biomedicine. Moreover, nanochitosan proves effective in hindering fungal growth and contamination, offering a multifaceted approach to combat microbial infections across various contexts. In aquaculture, nanochitosan emerges as a pivotal solution for water quality management, nutrient delivery, and disease control, contributing to the growth and resilience of aquatic organisms while ensuring sustainable practices within the industry.