Assessing Carbon Capture, Transport, and Storage Processes: A Critical Review

Climate change is one of the most pressing challenges facing our planet today. To abort this problem, the importance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2), has been considered. Applying carbon capture, transport, and storage systems is vital to the mitigation process in this context. However, evaluating and selecting the most influential and appropriate technologies for a specific environment can be a complex challenge due to the many variables involved. In this regard, a critical review of carbon capture, transport, and storage technologies is presented, applying the formal concept analysis (FCA) method to evaluate the compliance of a series of attributes or characteristics with the technologies to some extent. The review process is subdivided into CO2 capture, CO2 transport, and CO2 storage. For the treatment of the information, the free access software Concept Explorer is implemented to obtain a series of diagrams that simplify the treatment of the information and facilitate the understanding of the results. Finally, among the results, it is highlighted that traditional carbon sequestration technologies have partially overcome some limitations presented in decades: efficient application at a low scale. At the same time, traditional carbon transport methods prevail over emerging alternatives. Finally, traditional technologies stand out notoriously for storage at large-scale levels concerning the new proposals. However, there are emerging applications with potential storage capacity for low-scale systems.