Purinergic P2X Receptors as Therapeutic Targets

Purinergic P2X receptors are ATP-gated ion channels involved in cation flux across membranes. P2X receptors are assembled as trimers from three identical subunits (homomeric) or from a combination of subunits (heteromeric) and display different biophysical and pharmacological properties. This chapter provides an overview of the P2X family and their roles in various disease states as documented over the last 20 years. We highlight the potential of multiple P2X receptors as therapeutic targets for inflammatory disorders, psychiatric disorders, pain disorders, chronic cough and cancer.