Advances in H-Type Darrieus Turbines for Urban Environments in Colombian Territory

In the last 20 years, there have been applications of wind energy in urban buildings (large and small wind turbines) due to the increase in residential electricity demand and the desire for co-generation in buildings to reduce energy consumption from the grid in shared services. Within the small turbines, it has been verified that those with vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have construction advantages (heavy parts at floor level), installation (they do not require cranes), and environmental impact (they produce less of a visual and auditory presence, given that they look like small antennas and have reduced noise and vibrations) compared to those with a horizontal axis (HAWTs). In particular, this work shows progress in a new airfoil profile for H-Type Darrieus turbines that will allow self-starting and better performance in the extraction of energy from the wind, achieving a power coefficient of 0.26 with a low wind speed of 5 m/s under the environmental conditions of Bogotá and San Andrés. Additionally, this chapter shows how the variation of the shape of the profile by bending at certain angles will allow controlling the power and braking of the wind turbine, projecting future applications of this new aerodynamic profile in hydrokinetic turbines.