Environmental Challenges and Measures in Ports

The context considered is the increasingly roles of the ports as fundamental nodes of the globalized economy. UNCTAD introduced the concept of generation that allows to classify: city ports, industrial ports, manufacturing container ports, cooperative port systems, digital ports, technologically integrated port systems. Today, a great new issue is the environmental one. The problem becomes heavier every day and involves the goals of Agenda 2030. Within the port, the problems caused by the ships, on the sea side, and by the handling vehicles on the quays, on the land side, must be addressed. The method used to study the sustainable development of the ports is an analysis regarding the identification of the main challenges connected to the environmental problems and the measures to pursue sustainable development. The analysis is useful both for national and international planners, who must prepare regulatory advancements, and for technicians of port, because they allow to plan adequate interventions.