Fundamental Limitations in High Speed and Low Cost Architecture Free Space Optical (FSO) Networks for Rural Populations

The Free Space Optical (FSO) network system is a technology that uses part of the light spectrum, which is near infrared, to transmit a large amount of information at the speed of light. It offers high bandwidth, low deployment cost, license-free spectrum, and unparalleled security compared to radio communication. The major concern of this technology lies in its transmission channel, which is the atmosphere, because of its many variations in time and space. The objective of this manuscript is to study the limiting factors for high-speed transmission in FSO networks. We offer a complete low-cost FSO network architecture to provide high-speed connections to the rural population. The different blocks of parameters of the architecture of the FSO network are evaluated according to the limiting factor (rain, fog, turbulence, etc.) dominating in the area. In this proposal, we use Optisystem and matlab software to evaluate the maximum range for each factor limiting the FSO channel using the bit error rate and the Q factor indicator.