The Scope and Purposes of Correctional Treatment

In this chapter, corrections, correctional treatment, punishment, rehabilitation, and models of treatment are defined and explained. The history of correctional treatment is reviewed, describing the economic, social, and political factors that have an effect on the emphasis that is given to either punishment or treatment of criminal offenders in a society. The use of the “medical” model for treatment of adult and juvenile offenders is contrasted with the use of the “just deserts” and “justice” models. The strategies and methods adopted to treat juvenile and criminal offenders in the community and those housed in institutional settings are discussed, as well as the concept of “evidence based” treatment programs.