Multivariable Visualization Tool of the Performance of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Buses

The main objective of the European Green Deal is to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. Among the many challenges it implies, the decarbonization of cities must be accomplished. Although electric vehicles are the long-term solution for eradicating CO2 emissions, the deployment of fully electric public transport systems needs strong requirements, with plug-in hybrid electric buses being a flexible alternative to alleviate tailpipe emissions. These buses can automatically switch between an internal combustion engine and an electric motor using geo-fencing technology. However, the management of the capabilities and constraints of the zero tailpipe emission zones is not trivial. This work presents a graphical tool for supporting municipal authorities and decision makers in sustainable transport planning by means of visualizing the emissions and battery use of urban plug-in hybrid electric buses. Multiple bus strategies can be displayed at the same time, showing a relevant picture of the zero-emission zones in the city as well as the different pollutants emitted in each area. This information can be used to find out the most suitable powertrain use strategies, or zero emission zones, to be adopted by the different buses at every time in all routes so that the overall impact of urban transport on the livability and pollution is minimal, paving the way towards climate-neutral transport systems.