Exergy-Based Slow-City/Agriculture Mechanization with Circular Hydrogen and Renewable Energy Systems

This paper presents a novel concept about an integrated, nearly-zero carbon agricultural and horticultural and animal farm complex, attached to a slow city. A Rational Exergy Management Model-based design concept has been developed to maximize land use effectiveness and minimize carbon dioxide emissions responsibility. The system involves a circular hydrogen approach and comprises the following primary features. 1- Deep wells, 2-Above-the-ground photo-voltaic-thermal solar collectors, 3-Artifical water basin/pool, 4-Water electrolysis system, 5- Hydrogen production and storage facility, 6- Closed water circuit between the pool and fuel cells that generate power and then return water, 7- Hydrogen cogeneration system, 8-Heat pumps and absorption cooling systems, 8-Thermal storage system, 8-Partial coverage of the lake surface with solar photo-voltaic-thermal panels with careful balance between marine life, surface evaporation, and power and heat generation, 9-Wind Turbines, 10-Geothermal energy system, 11-District Energy System, 12-Fishery, Agriculture and animal farm, 13-Light industry, 14-Advanced greenhouse system, 15-Irrigation system, 16-Hydrogen mobility and agricultural mechanization with electric and hydrogen fuel, 17-Food drying and cold warehouse complexes, 18-Dwellings and city infrastructure, 19-Biogas system, 20-Irrigation system, 21-Educational and agricultural research laboratories, 22-Milk industry. Sample calculations show that the net result will be nearly zero carbon complex with 100% renewables, such that nearly-avoidable carbon dioxide emissions responsibility is less than separate photo-voltaic and wind turbine systems by as much as seven times. A novel greenhouse concept and wind turbine-integrated solar photo-voltaic-thermal panel system are also introduced. The paper gives detailed information about this design and proves that a circular hydrogen economy is possible and economical.