Evolution and Transformation of IGAD

The chapter starts by focusing on the formation of IGADD and delves into its objectives, contributions, and the historical factors that led to its creation. It examines the political actors and factors that prompted member states to establish a regional intergovernmental authority to address issues in the Horn of Africa. The chapter thoroughly explores the historical background, implications, prospects, and challenges during IGADD’s evolution from 1986 to 1996. Furthermore, the chapter highlights IGAD's institutional transformation from a drought-resilient organization to one of the African Union's recognized regional economic communities (RECs). It uncovers the political actors and factors that influenced this revitalization, reformation, and transformation of IGAD, explaining the significant institutional changes. The discussion also analyzes the challenges and constraints faced by IGAD since its re-birth in 1996. Moreover, it emphasizes the drivers of change within IGAD, particularly regarding the regional integration efforts in the Horn of Africa.