Using Plants as Vaccines

Vaccines are the most important strategy to fight many diseases. Plant-based vaccines have gained importance over the past decades, especially in combating SARS-CoV-2 and cancer. Some plant-based vaccines remain in trial phases, but many of them have been applied and have yielded positive results. The production of vaccines in plants follows several steps: isolating the gene of interest and producing the desired vaccine. These vaccines are cheap, can be produced in large quantities, and have exhibited great immune responses. The production and purification of these plant-based vaccines, however, present many challenges. This chapter overviews the current status of plant-based vaccines and their production.