A Comprehensive Review of Algal Exploration in Nepal

This paper reviews and explores trends and patterns in algal research in Nepal. Due to its potential uses in various industries, algal exploration in Nepal has gained significant interest in recent years. Algal diversity in freshwater bodies has been documented by scientists and naturalists since the early 1900s, but systematic investigations really took off after the 1950s. Taxonomical studies to identify and classify various algae species as well as ecological surveys to comprehend their distribution and ecological roles have been the primary topics of study in Nepal. The pattern of exploration of algae classes indicates that chlorophyceae is the most frequently encountered class, followed by bacillariophyceae, cyanophyceae, euglenophyceae, chrysophyceae, rhodophyceae, and xanthophyceae. According to the exploration trend, Koshi and Bagmati provinces were the most explored provinces, while Madhesh and Sudurpashchim provinces were the least explored provinces. The exploration intensity of Gandaki, Karnali, and Lumbini provinces is not specified in the given information. Based on ecological regions, there was a definite trend in the number of algal explorations: the mountain region had the most explorations, followed by the Himalayan region, and the Tarai region had the least. These trends show how different ecological zones have varying degrees of scientific interest and research concentration. Despite the growing interest in algal research in Nepal, the existing literature suggests that the scope of exploration has been limited. Most studies have concentrated on the mountainous regions of central Nepal, particularly the Kathmandu Valley. Comprehensive taxonomic investigations covering the entire country are still insufficient. To address this knowledge gap, it is essential to expand the scope of exploration and conduct systematic studies in previously unexplored areas, especially in the western regions of Nepal. This will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of Nepal’s algal diversity and distribution. In addition, further investigation is required to assess the effects of climate change and anthropogenic activities on algal populations. Continued research and conservation efforts will provide valuable insights for sustainable resource protection and management of wetland ecosystems.