Gaussian Optics

The paraxial or Gaussian approximation in geometric optics simplifies the calculation of the optical properties of the human eye. In this chapter the analytical equations that allow the calculation of the cardinal elements of an optical system are explained in detail. Determining the focal length, the principal planes and the nodal points of the eye will permit calculating the position and magnification of the image. The matrix method is an alternative way to perform paraxial ray tracing and also calculate the Gaussian cardinal elements of an optical system. These foundations lead to the modeling of a schematic eye that can be used to study the optics of a pseudophakic eye and the calculation of the intraocular lens power.