A Review of Electrodes Developed for Electrostimulation

Surface electrodes are essential devices for performing functional electrical stimulation therapy and play a direct role in the effectiveness of electrical stimulation. In this paper, four typical electrodes are selected, and their preparation materials and their characteristics are introduced and compared, including metal electrodes, carbon rubber electrodes, hydrogel electrodes, and fabric electrodes. Most of the electrodes used for electrical stimulation at this stage are mainly hydrogel electrodes, which are generally uncomfortable to wear, poorly washable, and do not fit well with human skin. The appearance of the fabric electrode improves the above problems, and its preparation material and its preparation method are introduced in detail. At the end of the paper, the development trend of fabric electrodes has been prospected.