Solid-Phase Microextraction

Sample preparation represents a pivotal stage within the analytical workflow. This chapter delves into the latest advancements in solid-phase microextraction (SPME), a technology renowned for its ability to facilitate uncomplicated, highly sensitive, swift, and solvent-free extraction of analytes from gaseous, liquid, and solid samples. This versatile approach extends its utility to trace-level analysis of compounds even within intricate matrices. Consequently, SPME has emerged as a preeminent sample preparation technique in the past decade, frequently employed in the form of an automated fiber-injection system in conjunction with chromatographic separation modules. Its primary application pertains to the extraction of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds.