Food Ontologies and Ontological Reasoning in Food Domain for Sustainability

This paper investigates the potential of combining food ontologies and AI in the food sector for enhanced sustainability. We argue that ontology-driven AI can foster sustainable food systems, underscoring how semantic structures and AI can facilitate precision agriculture, sustainable food choices, personalized diets, and climate change mitigation. Our goal is to discuss how these innovative technologies can be harnessed to better understand, manage, and ultimately transform the food domain for a sustainable future. As a first step towards achieving this goal, we provide an overview of prominent food ontologies and knowledge graphs such as FoodOn, Food KG, SPO, Ingredients Ontology, and ONS, highlighting their structures and focal points, as well as illustrate the value of ontological reasoning through practical food domain examples, using SPARQL queries and ontological reasoning for insightful knowledge derivation.