Methods and Technologies for Developing the Indicators of Climate Disaster Risk Assessment and Green Recovery Planning: The Standard Techniques for a Whole System

Those using the nine-step risk assessment and green recovery framework outlined in Chap. “ International Initiatives and Current Context for Adaptation Planning and Green Recovery ” need access to a broad set of evidence-based scientific integrated methods and technologies—including smart digital technologies—for use with each step as they seek to assess and manage the risks posed by flooding and other climate-related events in cities and communities across the globe. Although floods are one of the most frequently occurring natural hazards worldwide, successful adaptation can be achieved through avoidance, planning control, and smart and wise measures. In this book, a risk-based indicator approach to flood risk assessment is used as an example of climate-related hazards and natural disaster platform project models. Indicator-based approaches are semi-quantitative methods for evaluating climate-based land use suitability mapping and risk mapping—including the components of community development, hazard frequency and intensity, physical vulnerability, and risk probability—to compare different areas or communities. As part of this process, data for each of these indicators is collected at a particular spatial level, by administrative units. These indicators are then standardized (e.g., by reclassifying them between 1 and 0), weighted internally within objectives, and then the various objectives are also weighted among themselves. Although the individual indicators normally consist of quantitative data (e.g., population and property statistics), the resulting hazard, vulnerability, and risk probability results are scaled between 0 and 1. These relative data allow the user to compare the indicators for the various administrative units. These methods can be carried out at different levels, ranging from specific sites, local communities, cities to countries.