Inhibition Performance of Snail Shell Nanoparticle Extract as a Sustainable Eco-friendly Inhibitor for API 5L X65 Pipeline Steel Corrosion Towards Acid Activation Environment

In this work, the inhibition performance of snail shellSnail shell nanoparticleNanoparticles extract (SSNE) on API 5L X65 steel corrosionCorrosion in 1 M HCL acid environment was investigated. SEM, EDX, and electrochemical approaches were used to characterize and evaluate the inhibitor. An inhibition efficiency of 99.65% at 5 g/L inhibitor concentration was achieved. SSNE adsorbed on the X65 steel surface through a combination of anodic and cathodic inhibition mechanisms, which was corroborated by the SEM micrograph. The non-inhibited sample had a heavily corroded surface with a noticeable macro-pit generated by the aggressive solutions on the X65 steel, but the inhibited sample had a superior surface due to the SSNE molecules’ protective role. This performance is attributed to the active ingredients of SSNE, which improve the creation of a protective barrier over the steel surface, minimizing corrosionCorrosion. This study reveals the possibility of developing sustainable and appropriate nanoparticleNanoparticles corrosionCorrosion inhibitors from agro-wasteWaste resources.