Real Fluids

The first chapters of this book have addressed ideal fluids, i.e. ideal gases and incompressible liquids. Now the focus is turned to real fluids. These fluids behave differently in many respects from the ideal fluids known so far. Furthermore, the chapter covers the phase change of real fluids and their thermodynamic evaluation. The previously presented thermal and caloric equations of state can no longer be applied. Instead, other methods, e.g. the steam table, are utilised. The tasks presented here therefore address technical components that are already known from the previous tasks, but are now operated with real fluids. Thermodynamic cycle processes such as a steam power plant are considered as well as heat pumps and cooling machines, respectively, that use refrigerants as the working fluid.