Characterisation of the Mechanical Properties and Chemical Durability of Eco-Paving Blocks with Silica Fume and Hypo Sludge

The use of concrete paver blocks has spread to traffic zones, where fractures on the paver blocks have formed due to vehicle movement. An effort is made by partially substituting silica fume and hypo sludge for cement. Silica fume is a mineral additive consisting of submicron particles. When the cement is compared with micro-silica fumes the grain size of amorphous silicon dioxide in cement is 100–150 times larger than that of micro-silica fume. Hypo sludge is also termed as paper mill sludge as it is the by-product of paper which is de-inked and re-pulped from the paper industry waste. The addiction of hypo sludge and silica fume is made to alter the cement weight. This research emphasises the essential physical and chemical durability features of micro-silica and hypo sludge as well as its contribution to various proportions of concrete paving block quality improvement.