Systematically Addressing Stroke Burden in the Developing World: A Framework for Effective Implementation

Stroke remains the second leading cause of mortality and a leading cause of disability. Stroke burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) constitutes over three quarters of the global stroke burden and shows an upward trend. A higher incidence among young adults, higher mortality, and lower quality of stroke care compared to that in high-income countries (HICs) is a huge challenge. This chapter places an emphasis on the need to think outside the norm with regard to reducing stroke burden in LMICs. Reducing the burden of stroke in LMICs goes far beyond the role of the health sector and the current focus on treatment. There is a need for a focus on prevention and positive health choices of the populace. The political, economic, social, cultural, and environmental sectors should all be involved in this drive through advocacy, mediation, and education. There is a need to harmonize the activities carried out by various stakeholders for efficiency as various interests of the society can be discussed from various perspectives to enhance efficiency and impact.