Review: Maritime Green Hydrogen

The search for renewable energies tops the list of priorities to reduce the carbon footprint, in this sense; Green Hydrogen is an alternative that has attracted great interest. Recent studies establish that hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels have the potential to supply approximately 15–20% of the world’s energy consumption within 30 years, positioning it as a future competitor in the global energy market. The predominant form of H2 production is by reforming fossil fuels; an important alternative source of H is water (H2O). The difficulty is that energy is required to generate it. In this sense, if the energy source used is free of CO2 emissions, the hydrogen produced in this way is also free of CO2 emissions. One of the possibilities in this process of change towards more sustainable and cleaner energies is the offshore production of Green Hydrogen, which consists of an offshore wind farm feeding a marine chemical plant being operated and maintained by a suitable fleet of vessels. This review will describe the different vessels used for the offshore Green Hydrogen production chain.