Some Examples of Discrimination

We return here to the usual protected, or sensitive, variables that can lead to discrimination in insurance. We mention direct discrimination, with race and ethnic origin, gender and sex, or age. We also discuss genetic-related discrimination, and as several official protected attributes are not related to biology but to social identity, we return to this concept. We also discuss other inputs used by insurers, that could be related to sensitive attributes, with text, pictures, and spatial information, and could be seen as some discrimination by proxy. We also mention the use of credit scores and network data.