Redefining Homeland Security

Definitions are important, especially in the U.S. federal government. They are the basis of laws that justify budgets, fund programs and determine capabilities. However, definitions are notoriously difficult to cast because they must contend with exceptions and changing circumstances. This is the case with the U.S. definition of homeland security. Despite its importance, the definition of homeland security has languished for years. The definition posted on the U.S. Department of Homeland Security website is a throwback to the original 2002 definition and apparently ignores the lessons of history that demonstrate it is deficient. In 2007, the U.S. Congress passed a law mandating a Quadrennial Homeland Security Review to prevent future lapses in homeland security. However, the definition that emerged from the first review in 2010 persists. Although it improves on the original 2002 definition, it does not adequately consider new and resurgent threats that face the nation. This chapter examines various definitions of homeland security, discusses why they are inadequate and proposes a new definition that is accurate and concise. A good definition is important to help shape the U.S. Department of Homeland Security mission, set priorities, justify budgets and ensure that programs are successful.