Complications of Robotic Instrument Malfunctions

A robotic instrument malfunction refers to a defect in a robotic instrument that limits its normal function. Although robotic instrument malfunctions are rare, it is critical for the surgeon to be knowledgeable about robotic instrument malfunctions as they may compromise the surgeon’s ability to safely complete an operation and adversely affect clinical outcomes. For example, robotic instrument malfunctions may increase operating room times, cause operating room delays, and lead to iatrogenic injuries. Herein, we categorize robotic instrument malfunctions as mechanical or electrical, and review their risk factors, prevention, diagnosis and treatment.