Robot-Assisted “Precision” Prostatectomy
摘要
Approximately 40% of men who are diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa) have localized intermediate-risk disease at diagnosis [1]. Typically, men with life expectancy >10 years are treated with either (1) radical prostatectomy ± lymph node dissection or (2) radiation therapy [2]. Though there are various radiotherapy regimens [3, 4] and surgical techniques [5–7], these whole-gland treatments are associated with significant side effects including erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence [8, 9].