Forests of the Karst Region of Montenegro—Main Characteristics and Vulnerabilities

This chapter presents the forest ecosystems of the Montenegrin karst region. The Montenegrin karst forests are mainly low forests of thermophilic deciduous trees as well as degradation stages of these forests in the form of shrubs, which have a distinct protective function. The analysis of the condition of the karst forests of Montenegro given in this chapter is certainly one of the contributions to the preservation of these ecosystems. The chapter also points out the importance of forests on the karst, which is often overlooked since the economic value calculated in timber products is small. The significance of these ecosystems is protection of soil, water, habitat and biodiversity. Stability of the karst forests is recognized as an important factor in the prevention of surface and subsurface environmental degradation. Sustainable management and preservation of these forests are of key importance for the nature protection of this area. This chapter also gives an overview of the main risks to these ecosystems, among which the greatest risks are wildfire and erosion processes.