Size Optimization

This chapter is focused on exploring the size optimization of planar and space trusses. In this study, we investigate several types of trusses, including the 10-bar, 14-bar, 15-bar, 24-bar, 20-bar, 72-bar (3D), 39-bar, 45-bar truss, 25-bar (3D), and 39-bar (3D) trusses. The optimization process considers both static and dynamic factors. Static factors, such as stress, displacement, and buckling, are essential to consider as trusses need to withstand static loads without failing. Dynamic factors, such as natural frequency, are also considered because trusses must be able to withstand dynamic loads without experiencing resonance, which can cause significant damage. Additionally, we consider practical manufacturing constraints, such as element stresses, nodal displacements, Euler buckling criteria, multi-load conditions, and kinematic stability conditions, that could impact the truss’ feasibility and practicality. Moreover, we explore both continuous and discrete cross-sectional areas in the optimization process. This consideration is important because different trusses may require different types of cross-sectional areas. We implement ten different metaheuristic algorithms for each truss to explore a wide range of potential solutions and optimize the trusses. Finally, we compare the results of each algorithm to determine the most effective algorithm for each type of truss. By doing so, we aim to provide insights into the truss optimization process and offer useful guidance for optimizing trusses in the future.