Algorithms for Evaluating the Homogeneity of Reference Materials for the Composition and Properties of Dispersed and Monolithic Materials

Reference material (RM) production, characterization, and certification are crucial to ensuring measurement traceability in various industries. One source of RM uncertainty is the standard uncertainty (SU) from heterogeneity. SU evaluation is based on the analysis of variance according to GOST 8.531–2002, ISO Guide 35:2017. The study aims to develop calculation algorithms for the SU from heterogeneity of RMs for the composition and properties of dispersed and monolithic materials. The research objectives: to analyze the algorithms outlined in GOST 8.531–2002 and ISO Guide 35:2017 and, based on them, to develop and test new algorithms for calculating the SU from heterogeneity. The developed algorithms differ from both standards. They were tested on various examples, including simulated data. Their applicability was proved. The research shows that ISO Guide 35:2017 helps to evaluate SU from heterogeneity more effectively. This approach is modernized and considers the smallest representative sample mass. Moreover, the developed algorithm is applicable to studying composition indicators, properties of solid and liquid substances and materials. The updated algorithms will be used to revise GOST 8.531–2002, to align the two standards, to increase confidence in the results of determining RM metrological characteristics in Russia, to ensure measurement traceability internationally.