Solar Thermal Wastewater Treatment Systems

Wastewaters that are generally dumped into water bodies without any pre-treatment are mainly RO (reverse osmosis) reject and domestic sewage water. Human urine is the largest contributor of nutrients in domestic wastewater. Direct application of urine to the land is a very common practice in rural areas but it contaminates surface and groundwater sources significantly. Use of solar energy for treating sewage water and recovering resources from urine and RO reject has been discussed in detail. Quality aspects of the feed, product water and recovered solid materials has also been presented and discussed. Apart from this wastewater feed and reject management strategies in solar thermal desalination systems have also been listed.