Recent Advances and Applications of Modified-Semiconductor Photocatalyst in Pollutant Degradation

EnsuringApplication theSemiconductor cleanlinessDegradation andSemiconductor photocatalyst non-toxicityNon-toxicity of waterWater resources is crucial as they are the most valuable assets for human beings. Water pollutionWater pollution has emerged as a significant worldwide concern in recent timesTime, particularly due to the contaminationContamination of diverse organicOrganic substances such as pharmaceuticalsPharmaceutical andPersonal Care Products (PPCPs) personal care products (PPCPs), persistent organic pollutants (POPs)Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), and organic dyesOrganic dye. Recently, the use of reactive oxidative radicalsRadical or species in photocatalysisPhotocatalysis, which is an advanced oxidationOxidation process, has garnered significant interest for the remediation of organicOrganic pollutionPollution. The utilization of photocatalysisPhotocatalysis in solarSolar-powered reactionsReaction holds great potential in tackling energyEnergy and environmentalEnvironmental issues. Effective lightLight absorptionAbsorption, enhanced charge separationCharge separation and mobilityMobility, and expedited surface reactionsSurface reaction are crucial factors that greatly impact the effectiveness of photocatalysisPhotocatalysis, and these can be achieved through the thoughtful design of photocatalystsPhotocatalyst. Numerous global endeavors have been undertaken thus far to create and pursue high-performancePerformance materials, encompassing techniques like dopingDoping, amalgamating with quantum dotsQuantum dot, regulating heterojunctionsHeterojunction, optimizing exposed facetsFacets. The promising candidates consist of inorganic metal alloyMetal alloys/metal oxideMetal oxide/metal sulfideSulfide, organicOrganic–inorganic hybridHybrid materials such as metal–organic frameworksMetal organic framework (MOFs), and organic semiconductorsOrganic semiconductors like covalent organicOrganic frameworksFramework (COFs). In the final part of the analysis, there are also discussions about the main obstacles and viewpoints regarding photocatalystsPhotocatalyst, aiming to contribute to the advancement of this vibrant area of research.