Modification of TiO2 as SO4/TiO2 Acid and CaO/TiO2 Base Catalysts and Their Applications in Conversion of Waste Frying Oil (WFO) into Biodiesel

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发表日期：

2024年

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Karna Wijaya,
Remi Ayu Pratika,
Wega Trisunaryanti,
Alfrets Daniel Tikoalu

摘要

The SO4/TiO2 acidAcid and CaO/TiO2 base catalystsBase catalyst haveFrying oil been successfully prepared for the conversionConversion of waste frying oilWaste frying oil into biodieselBiodiesel. The acid catalystAcid catalyst was prepared through direct sulfationSulfation of TiO2 with H2SO4, and the base catalystBase catalyst was prepared through a thermal methodThermal method between TiO2 and CaO in an autoclave reactorAutoclave reactor. This process has been carried out with variations in the concentrationConcentration and temperatureTemperature of calcinationCalcination. The purpose of this study is to obtain catalystsCatalyst with the highest acidityAcidity and basicityBasicity values and then apply them to the esterificationEsterification and transesterificationTransesterification processes of waste frying oilWaste frying oil into biodieselBiodiesel. The results show that the SO4/TiO2-1.5–600 (where 1.5 is the concentrationConcentration of H2SO4, and 600 is the calcinationCalcination temperatureTemperature in °C) was the catalystCatalyst with the highest acidityAcidity (2.49 mmol NH3Ammonia (NH)/g). ApplicationApplication of this catalystCatalyst in the esterificationEsterification of waste frying oilWaste frying oil was successfully achieved, with the highest reductionReduction inFatty acid free fatty acid (FFA)Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content of 66.21%. The transesterificationTransesterification reactionReaction of the esterified oilOil was carried out using a catalystCatalyst with the highest basicityBasicity, CaO/TiO2-20–700 (8.13 mmol HCl/g), (where 20 is the concentrationConcentration of CaO, and 700 is the calcinationCalcination temperatureTemperature in °C). This catalystCatalyst succeeded in converting waste frying oilWaste frying oil into biodieselBiodiesel of 58.13% with the main compositionComposition of methyl esterMethyl ester being methyl oleateMethyl oleate.