A Comparative Study of Different Disinfection Processes, and Management Practices to Control the Formation of Disinfection by-Products (DBPs)

The disinfectant chemical that is most frequently utilized is chlorine. The most popular kinds are calcium or sodium hypochlorite and chlorine gas. Alternative disinfectants include gamma radiation, ozone, chlorine dioxide, chloramines, ultraviolet light, and others. Water flow rates, application and demand rates, water pH, equipment cost, chemical availability, and maintenance issues should all be carefully taken into account before choosing an appropriate methodology. When used improperly or in excess amount, several of these chemical disinfectants have an ability to respond with natural and inorganic forerunners to create DBPs that have negative health effects. This book chapter delves into the complex world of drinking water disinfection, exploring the different processes used to ensure the safety of our water supply. The chapter examines various key disinfection methods including chlorination, ozonation, thermal disinfection, and UV radiation, and compares their effectiveness and potential formation of DBPs. Through a comprehensive analysis of previous studies and new research, this chapter provides a detailed understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of each disinfection method, as well as their impact on water quality. The chapter also highlights the potential health risks associated with DBPs and provides recommendations for minimizing exposure to these harmful compounds.