LEAP-ASIA-2019 Numerical Simulations Using a Strain Space Multiple Mechanism Model for a Liquefiable Sloping Ground

This chapter presents the numerical simulations using a strain space multiple mechanism model on a liquefiable sloping ground during earthquake excitation which are compared with the results obtained from the centrifuge tests conducted at different centrifuge facilities as a part of LEAP-ASIA-2019 with an effort to validate the generalized scaling laws. The constitutive model parameters were determined based on the results of cyclic torsional shear tests. One of the key objectives of this chapter is to assess the differences arising in the soil system responses depending on the three different predictors when using the same constitutive model. For this purpose, the soil constitutive model parameters were calibrated differently, and all the predictors were able to capture the important features of saturated sand during undrained cyclic shearing. This was followed by the numerical simulations of the centrifuge data, which showed no predominant differences in the simulated results due to the different soil constitutive model parameters. However, the amount of shear-induced dilatancy experienced by the sand during cyclic shearing was found out to be different among predictors. It is also highlighted that predictors may achieve the ideal measured results either by performing numerical simulations in model scale or in prototype scale.