Modeling Hydrocarbon Migration and Accumulation Processes in the Meso-Cenozoic Complex of the Black Sea-Caspian Region

The article is devoted to the study of the processes of migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons in the Meso-Cenozoic complex of the Black Sea-Caspian region. The simulation results made it possible to study and model the processes of migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon systems of the Meso-Cenozoic complex of the Black Sea-Caspian region. All modeled hydrocarbon systems are characterized by migration from the main reservoir, which lies directly above the modeled oil and gas source formations, to the overlying ones. This is due to the peculiarities of the formation of sedimentary formations under conditions of alternating regressions and transgressions. The factor stimulating migration is the active tectonic regime of the studied sedimentary basins. Based on the modeling results, the conclusion about the wide development of hydrocarbon filtration processes is consistent with the presence of multilayer deposits. It has been established that the areas of subsidence are characterized by extended catagenetic zoning, which is due to the high rates of sedimentation and subsidence and, accordingly, the large thickness of oil source deposits in the area of oil formation. As a result of the research, four areas of stable subsidence (hollows) were identified for the entire period of formation of the plate cover: Karkinitskaya, Indolo-Kubanskaya, East Kubanskaya, and Terek-Caspian. All modeled generation-accumulation hydrocarbon systems are characterized by flows (to a greater or lesser extent) from the main reservoir, which lies directly above the modeled source reservoirs, to the overlying ones. A joint analysis of the actual oil and gas potential and hydrocarbon accumulations predicted by the modeling results within the study area showed that the vast majority of discovered deposits and manifestations are genetically related to generation centers located within the identified sedimentary basins.