Check Dam Failures

Check dams are used in harsh environments to withstand enormous forces and to operate for long periods of time. Failure of check dams is a rare but dangerous event that may result in a higher degree of damage than in the condition without structures. A few failures are documented in literature that are related to a variety of failure mechanisms such as overload of the structure or poor maintenance. Nevertheless, even small defects, such as cracks, can cause damage and lead to structural failure or increased repair costs. In order to maintain structures for their designed lifetimes, it is important to consider the full range of possible failure mechanisms. This additionally highlights the need to investigate and assess the origin of damages and deterioration of check dams. Some examples from different countries are discussed in this chapter to provide insight into possible failure mechanisms as well as basis for maintenance management. Therefore, life cycle management comprises periodic inspection and documentation, which may reveal future failure mechanisms that are often caused by progressive construction material deterioration. To increase the lifetime of structural measures and to restore the functional condition, maintenance measures must be completed. This, in turn, can lead to improved designs and improved material use.