Biological Control of Fruit Flies with Emphasis on Microbial Control
摘要
The damage caused by fruit flies can occur directly through egg laying and larval development, which opens the door to secondary pathogens in the fruit due to the holes in the posture. The use of synthetic insecticides in orchards has aroused great concern due to market demands and environmental impacts since they present high toxicity, a long withdrawal period, and reduced selectivity to natural enemies. Given the change in the consumer profile of foods free of pesticide residues, this chapter aims to present the current state of biological control of fruit flies and to show the perspectives of using bacteria, fungi, and nematodes in controlling this pest.