Renewable Energy Dynamics in the North Africa: A System Thinking Approach with the Algerian Case Study

This chapter examines the dynamics of renewable energyRenewable energy (RE) in the North African electricity marketElectricity market, focusing on the Algerian case. The North African countries of Africa, namely Morocco, AlgeriaAlgeria, and Tunisia, have a high potential for solarSolar and windWind power generation, which could meet their electricity demand and reduce their greenhouse gas emissionsGreenhouse gas emissions. However, they also face various challenges and barriers for RE investmentInvestment and development, such as policy, technologyTechnology, economicsEconomic, behaviorBehavior, and sustainabilitySustainability. The chapter aims to answer the following questions: What are the policies that support or hinder the development of RE in North Africa? How do they affect the supply and demand of electricity from RE sources? How do they influence regional integrationRegional integration and cooperationCooperation in the electricity sector? To answer these questions, the chapter conducts a literature review of articles and journals on this topic and then designs a conceptual modelConceptual model to analyze the dynamics of RE in the Algerian electricity marketElectricity market using system thinkingSystem thinking and causal loop diagramsCausal Loop Diagrams.