Metal–Organic Frameworks as Emerging Materials for Desalination

DesalinationDesalination is a sustainable solution to reduce the global water crisis. In membrane desalination technology, the degree of salt removal is intimately tied to water and ion’s relative flow rates, governed by the membrane’s structure and composition. Therefore, the emergence of well-crystalline materials like metal–organic frameworksMetal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with high specific surface area and customisability is attractive to be used as additive species in membrane production. The fabrication of MOFs-based membranes for liquid separation has been extensively studied. Notably, MOFs membrane exhibited good separation performances, resulting in higher freshwater recovery and solute rejection. Herein, the rational design strategies for constructing the oriented growth of MOFs on porous substrates, desirable MOFs attributes for desalinationDesalination efficiency, and future perspectives are briefly discussed.