Mini-Review of Opportunities and Challenges of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Technology in Addressing Climate Change

The pressure of global warming leads to an increasing emission of greenhouse gases, among which carbon dioxide emissions are the most serious, posing serious threats to the earth’s ecosystem and biodiversity. Among many emission reduction strategies, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology has gradually received attention. CCS technology separates carbon dioxide from industrial production and energy consumption processes and transports it to a dedicated location for long-term isolation. However, in the process of reducing global carbon emissions, the application of CCS technology still faces political, economic, and social risks. In specific applications, CCS technology is regarded by some industrial countries as a solution to continue to rely on coal, which requires a deep assessment of its sustainability and benefits. At the same time, developing countries seem unwilling to promote CCS technology. In addition, the balance issue between CCS technology and sustainable energy requires deeper research. There are certain limitations in the public’s understanding of CCS technology, and there is a need to strengthen social science research and interdisciplinary research. In general, CCS technology has potential in emission reduction strategies, but in dealing with uncertain risks and long-term impacts, its sustainability and practical effects need to be fully considered.