With focus on language assessment in people with aphasia (PWA) after stroke some of the major batteries of tests for language assessment in PWA are presented. The utility of multilevel analyses of narrative discourse in PWA is discussed. The importance of considering non-verbal communication skills in the assessment of people with moderate or severe aphasia is highlighted. Some useful tools are described to help clinicians provide a better description of both non-verbal communication strategies used by their clients and their global communication effectiveness. Tests applicable to patients with aphasia to assess cognitive impairment are presented. Basic elements of a neurological examination are defined and specific ones related to primary progressive aphasia. Neuropsychological screening tests and neuropsychological domain-specific tests for in-depth analysis are depicted. Advice is given for special laboratory and genetic tests, and for cerebrospinal fluid analysis to diagnose/exclude particular pathologies. Strategies for differential diagnosis of the causative neurological disorder are specified. Neurophysiological methods are discussed. Quality parameters of psychometric test procedures are defined. The interpretation of results of the speech language examination is presented as an analysis and integration of information from the case history, formal assessment data and informal diagnostic information. Interfering and influencing factors are discussed. Evaluation methods and therapeutic intervention strategies of occupational therapists as a team member supporting adults with acquired language disorders are explained.