Montanology and Current Challenges at European and Global Level

Starting from the definition given by Professor Radu Rey, respectively, montanology is the multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary scientific discipline, which aims to study economic-ecological-social phenomena in mountain areas, and which characterizes human-nature relations within the systems mountains. Moreover, this science aims to conceptualize and promote ways (methods, tools and techniques) that lead to the optimization and development of mountain systems as a whole. In addition, montanology integrates multidisciplinary knowledge in the following related fields such as: agriculture, animal husbandry, human ecology, geoecology and pedology, biology, demography and ethnography, human and animal psychology, architecture, construction and building materials, elements of forestry and geology, beekeeping, fish farming, economy, organization and operation of the private mountain household, as well as other specific systems, mountain systematization, mountain design, specific ergonomics, small industry and crafts, tourism and agrotourism, health education, nature. Similarly to the above, material resources (mineral, plant and animal), energy resources (unconventional), legislation and legal relations, other useful knowledge specific to mountains, human resources – tradition and culture are also integrated.